City of Forio
In the western side of the island of Ischia, the country washed by the sea for the whole extension, surrounded by verdant plains, backed by the mountain that sits on the hills in the most luxurious and comfortable posture, flanked by two current volcanic, one to the north, another south; that country is called Forio.
It is bordered to the east and noon with the City of Fontana-Serrara; to the south with that of Ischia, to the north with that of Forio, on the west with the sea.
The main roads that put this town in communication, capture other neighbors are three: to the north and ends at Cavallara Lacco-Ameno, that of Fango to the north-east coast for half connects this town with Ischia, in the South that leads to the village of Panza, and continues to Serrara Fontana for steep climbs.
Beautiful, pleasant, are its breasts, its headlands, its bridges, and that we shall describe below these details.
Forio was called by Jasolino Fiorio saying: “Forino said by others, but by us Fiorio because after the destruction of many houses and castles that flourished, being the eldest of others throughout the island, well-equipped with twelve towers, with artillery , and with many people to fly, beautiful site of abundant wine, and excellent fruit”.
And De Siano also added the name of Forio etc. in Italian fertile: the name given to this place, because unlike other places of the island’s most fertile land to be the largest in the plan with the low hills, and therefore most suitable for growing and more fertile. Of this there can be no doubt, being also that until the present (1798), for this reason that the Earth looks like a city that contains the largest population of the island, multiplying the most fertile places in the competition of the inhabitants, the population is well all located together on a spit of land etc.
Forio includes: 1 main center of the country. 2 The village of Monterone. 3 The scattered houses. 4 The village of Panza.
In this arrangement the City, towns, countryside, the villas, the culminating point, from which begins the demarcation of Forio, Fasano called the east, below the summit Epomeo: the right side and northern Europe, the lowest point, the Cala di S. Montano, from which the proceeding is prolonged westward currents Zaro, or Caruso. From the mid-day the demarcation point from the boundary is called the Cross of Cola Jacono old farmer of Socchivo.
The first Greek colonies dwelt still Forio, in the opinion of De Siano.
These first Greek colonies, which settled on this plain, were the Doric, ie Siracuse, remained on the island under the Pacio Nimpsio Pacillo and Maio’s orders, after the defeat of lands.
Such an opinion was recorded by d’Aloysio, and repeated by the Anonymous Ultramontane.
From the foot of the hill to the valley of St. Emperor Montano, was a fertile and smiling plain: the Syracusans allured to that site, and while the enchanting beach subjected to the Emperor, erected their temple to Venus -whose white marble statue was discovered in 1792, and brutally destroyed.
From the opposite side, on top of the promontory of Vico, there was the wall of the fortress, which was submitted to the city to look west and dominate the existing cemetery in the subject valley, near the sea, to the entrance of town on highway as was the custom among Greeks, Romans, and hence one to establish their cemeteries.
The eruption of Caccavelli drove this colony, the same buried the city under the lava of Zaro and Marecoco.
The elements calmed down and ran the Partenopei, then the Romans.
The monuments discovered, the buried jars, the voices interfered in Latin Doric dialect, proved that the Neapolitan and Roman lived there.
Came the Sicilians, at the Julius Caesar time, bragging rights of ownership of the land occupied by the Neapolitans, having expelled Syracuse, they demanded the release. Julius Caesar had a right to their claim, and then the Sicilians occupied this country.
In this regard we report the d’ Aloysio’s words. Forio was originated by the Sicilians, who found a climate suited to their genius, they stopped there and multiplied, and called it Forio.
They broke the barbarians, these plains were devastated, the survivors took refuge in the mountains and hills.
With the Normans and Swabians remained with the impoverished island, and so the Syrians built churches, and multiplied, providing proof of indomitable perseverance and value.
Succeeded the Angevin dynasty, Sicily was touched at Vespers, and the children of Sicilians also rioted, calling for these plains: the French out.
The fertility of the place liked the new usurpers, and while the Charles II solders devastated these fields, the old settlers did not move away, with the eruption of 1301.
But back in 1305 and meeting votes, not to have been damaged in the property and in person, by the eruption of the cremation fire, they built churches and chapels in S. Antonio Abate.
The Spaniards occurring with the Aragons and Catalans, Sicilians, ran to plow or to occupy these vineyards and Lopez, the Galiz, the Jonchez planted here and with them ran to Corsica, and then others from Malta, which also took the House from the native land, and were called the Maltese, others from Matera in Apulia, took the surname of Mattera, and Matarese, others from Sorrento, Amalfi, Tuscany, are the Sorrentino, the Amalfitano, the Florentine, they give with their family name the first said, today House Jonchese, House Corso, House Calise, House Mattera, House Maltese, House Fiorentino.
City of Ischia
The main center is located where once was the village of Gelso, the district so named because planted the mulberries in the shade of these trees in the summer days were the inhabitants of the city during the hours of walking.
That village was in ancient times inhabited by sailors and fishermen, who because of their job they could not normally remain hospitalized in the closed cities, but also could not get away for the frequent barbarian raids.
Pleasant countryside, fertile gardens, extending around this ancient town, which gradually saw rising buildings around the new buildings, more modest and not uncomfortable, but sumptuous and architectural, the result of the growing affluence of its inhabitants.
The population grew, the need of widening township grew larger, both houses, and other comfortable life structures.
Result of trade, by the class of sailors, was the increase of the Village of Mulberry, which soon turned into pulpy district, where they erected temples, monasteries, hospitals. Public fountains, plazas, marinas: the one from the south-east ELP class of fishermen, the other from the north-east of the class of sailors.
When the castle ended up being the city of the island, this village became the main center of the town, and established church authorities and island’s military.
This main center of Ischia extends over a large stretch of land, wet to the NE from the sea, for its entire length: from the opposite side is lined with decent and elegant buildings, behind which rise the rolling hills of Sorezzano Procidano and embellished with lovely mess. Ischia has a few internal roads: one is remarkable for its length and width and the principle of the bridge where took the head of the castle artificial isthmus and extends to the point so that terrazappata, where you turn right continue its course towards the Mandra, the cremated de'Bagni Villa. To the left it vanishes, after covering the quarter-Lauro House, in the narrow paths and country of S. James and Mandarin.
The Puzzolana street leads to Villa Campagnano, and the next campaign, to the municipalities of Testaccio, Barano, etc.
Spacious, comfortable and well-paved is the square of this town, it is the center of all operations, the place of delivery of all the peasants and the bourgeoisie, both living in the main town, is that ascend from the rural villages. Decent are most of the buildings of the town of Ischia.
The seminar was open to clerical education until 1806 and served for the neighborhood to the garrison of the square. It was reopened in 1844, was finally suppressed in 1865.
The best buildings on the road, are those of the lords Lauro, Califano, Lanfreschi, Moriconi, de Luca, Mirabella, and others under construction, or recent, or forgotten by us.
The Aragonese castle
The old bishop’s palace, a convent, and the remains of public and private buildings, for many years abandoned and destroyed, most islanders do not live there, or bourgeois, because it conforms more part of the territory of Ischia, the place having become state property.
At the top of the fortress was headquartered healing of veterans, whose only nine have remained.
At the foot of the fortress there was once a battery above the water.
From the drawbridge, the first port gate, to the citadel, there is a climb of about a kilometer and 250 meters in the shape of spiral. Per length of 500 feet is dug into the rock, forming a gallery deck 22 feet in width, of high winds.
In the fifteenth century it was about impregnable fortress.
This castle was built by soldiers of Hiero, when the rebels drove out the Cumans, they were to occupy this island about the year 474 AEV. It was called Castel-Hiero, or Castel-Geronda and also the island of Hiero. It was then called Ischia and Ischia Minor.
In the beginning it was reachable by sea.
Castle fell into the hands of Alfonso I, who dug these chisels to power a street so wide that two chariots could meet: he rose all external communications, and from the outside covered with rocks and inaccessible cliffs, ditches , ramparts, walls and iron doors, calling it Castrum Regium Isclae.
Alfonso himself populated this enclosure in a colony consisting of 300 their exposures, to whom married women of expelled fighters. Since that time the fortress was called earth, or Citadel independent of City Island.
To make sure the nascent citadel, and linked to a stable island, Alfonso I, published in 1433 or 35 that royal edict, reported in the Second Part of that story, which established the customs mentioned: he made to join the Citadel to the Island, with an artificial isthmus, formed of solid bridges between the waves and the rocks, basalt stones to convert and guaranteed by cliffs, which was still needed to repair the small woods that stormy weather were in the bosom of the marina of St. Anna.
During the rule of the Aragonese, this royal castle has been illustrated by the facts of value, both the houses of noble and illustrious personages.
The Castle was when the city of the island, came to contain a population of 1892 families, as evidenced by Giovannandrea d’Aloysio, proceeds from the wealth of the kingdom in the year 1757.
Then there was all gathered, nobility, bourgeoisie, the clergy, ranks, authorities, public offices, churches, monasteries, cathedrals, shops. The island of Ischia was deserted and barren. In some beach or hill was gathered some villa, land or house, inhabited by peasants, or farmers, or traffickers, or fishermen, and a few landowners.
In the past century the inhabitants of the town of Ischia began to focus on the hill now known as Citizens of Casamicciola, and here raised these villas and cottages, mansions, and churches.
At the end of the eighteenth century all the inhabitants came out, the city was confused with the castle, and all that constituted the strength of Ischia, occupied by the garrison of veterans, sailors and gunners.
City of Casamicciola Terme
The name of this town is full of contrasts. Solenandro called the quarter-Mezula House. Jasolino Casanizzola. In-House Aloysio Nisola saying that the name taken by a matron named Eritrese Nisula, who because crippled, was left there by the fugitives Eritresi, and healed virtue of mercy of these waters.
De Siano called her Casamice saying that this name is composed of two voices, one Greek and one Latin, Greek word mica means House, added after the first. Mica from the Latin Sordem lavat totam, imagery, arose from the fervid genius of the writer, alluding to the miraculous virtues of these waters, that arise therein, designed to remove and wash all ailments.
We do not accept any of the sources, because we think they are all apocryphal, and implausible or fantastic.
In regard we support the view that the old name, the name of Casamicciola, was given by those who first built the first house of pleasure, or home health in this country, became uninhabited and unnamed, that indicate it to the city where land was to dwell, called the Casa-in-IUSA, or casa-in island, Casanisula, etc..
The City of Ischia lies on the northern side of the island, at the foot of the severe side Epomeo, at the base of the pear and Catreca.
The name comes from Pera because from this place the peasants carried on their shoulders the clay, and the fagots at the marina of Casamicciola.
Catreca means locus asper. These are the etymologies of these other two districts dates by Ziccardi.
Throughout the southern extension of this municipality is backed by the chain of mountains and hills. On the northern side is bathed by the sea on the east bordering municipality of Ischia, in the west with that of Lacco, at noon with Barano.
Casamicciola is divided into two main parts: one is called Upper Casamicciola, the other Lower Casamicciola.
Upper Casamicciola includes within its reach all those lands in the hills that rise above the center of town, like those of the Stone, House-Moriello, Majo, Monte-House, House-Castagna, Castanita, Spur-house, etc…
Lower Casamicciola includes and S. Pasquale citizens, Perrone, the petroni, Piazza Bagni and Marina.
This city though was extended by mountainous terrain and hills, although it was provided and intersected by the most beautiful, comfortable and spacious streets of the island, nicely shaded by plane trees and acacias, is divided into many neighborhoods, in different buildings, some of which are planted on an enchanting hills, surrounded by vines and shrubs, while others built in romantic valleys, watered by the steamy mineral water, and shaded by coppice forests, and other points of focus in their industries, which are explained in a dignified disorder, on a tongue of land which forms the meandering beach lido.
Such a romantic and varied position of the City and the building so divided, is isolated, the town of Ischia resorts, recreational boating, the campaign for the stranger, and for the sick.
This country is made more beautiful because it presents in its different districts, varied scenes.
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