From the nineteenth century to the present day

The historical events of the XIX century can be considered as planning started with the completion of the dangers caused by the Saracens. Following the political events which brought about the depopulation of the "Castle" and the consequent transfer of the island all the privileges and prerogatives, the Borgo di Celso took the official name of Ischia.

With the transformation of Lake of Villa dei Bagni in the center of the same name became the highlight of the island’s commercial imposing, soon, the growing increase in traffic, as the true lung of economic island and consequently forum for public offices. At the same time it was not with the expansion of the center of Campagnano, the spread of small residential areas along the slopes of the homonymous hill, in the countryside between the Arso and Montagnone.

From the Renaissance to the eighteenth century

From the Romans to the Middle Ages

The most important document for the planning history of the island in the sixteenth century is the Cartaro map (1586), where despite the summary of the incision, Ischia is defined in its essential parts.

Done in attached to the text of Giulo Jasolino "De Remedi Naturali", dedicated to spa treatments of Ischia, the paper proposes a systematic illustration of the weather situation: the printer, in fact, although intended to highlight, exaggerating the size for this purpose, the places rich in sources and connections between them, ensured by a complex network of public roads, many of which are still, even today, their original route, not to omit ~ to represent the complex topography and settlements. The incision has documentary value, "because it offers a toponymic panorama completely renovated: to the East is reported “Ischia civitas”, a common name that links both the main town on the rock of the castle and the thick area that extends on the opposite coast .

The island of Ischia has a very ancient story. The first evidences of residential areas on the island can be found in the area of Lacco Ameno, where in the mid-eighth century BC a Greek colony put their roots.
The characteristics of the sites responded in full to the logic and requirements of a human settlement.

The promontory of Monte Vico, on three sides overlooking the sea, became the acropolis, the two bays “under Varuli” and "San Montano" respectively from the commercial port and functioned as a shelter for vessels in case of attack from the land; the plain of Santa Restituta allowed the productive activity of the small village, also located at Arbusto, Mezzavia and Mazzola, and finally the valley of San Montano received the necropolis. It had to be a colony of some importance, judging from the richness of the finds. At Monte Vico there are traces of Hellenic walls, temple blocks, remains of walls and dry kilns, ceramics, metals, various fragments, indicating an intense commercial activity.
Phitecusa was certainly founded by the Greeks and specifically by the Eubei, but it was also frequented by different populations, as demonstrated by the many objects found, not only of Greek workmanship. According to many scholars, the citadel of Phitecusa was a sort of free port used for trade from the eastern markets, by artisans from Syria, Egypt, Apulia, Calabria.

Historical outlines

The island of Ischia has an ancient origin. The first evidence of residential areas on the island can be found in the Lacco Ameno, where around half of the eighth century BC, a Greek colony was to put their roots.
The characteristics of the sites responded to the logic and the requirements of a human settlement.

The promontory of Monte Vico, by the three sides overlooking the sea, became the acropolis, the two bays "under Varuli" and "San Montano" functioned respectively from the commercial port and shelter to vessels in case of an attack from the mainland; the plain of Santa Restituta allowed the productive activity of the small town, located also in Arbusto, Mezzavia and Mazzola and finally the valley of San Montano hosted the necropolis. It had to be a colony of a certain size, judging by the wealth of finds. At Monte Vico there are traces of Greek walls, basement blocks of temple and the remains of walls and dry kilns, ceramics, metals, various fragments, indicating intense commercial activity.
Phitecusa was certainly founded by the Greeks and specifically the Eubei, but it was also frequented by different populations, as demonstrated by the many materials found, which are not only of Greek workmanship. According to many scholars, the citadel of Phitecusa was a sort of free port used to trade from eastern markets, by artisans from Syria, Egypt, Puglia, Calabria.

From the origins to the first century BC.

The Euboeans settlers, Chalcis and Eritreans, landed in the first half of the eighth century, settled northwest on the height of Mount Vico of the island, surrounded on three sides by the sea and connected to it by a wild access, location of the optimal conditions for a settlement to which was given the name Pithecusa.

In addition to reasons of defense, the choice had to be determined by the existence of two harbors landing at the base of the promontory which made easier the maritime activities and business of the new colony.

More than likely it appears, therefore, that Pithecusa, at least in the first half of its foundation, has assumed the role of maritime and commercial emporium. This, however, should not ascribe the absence, in the island of earlier settlements: the same town of Monte Vico, in fact, had been continuously inhabited from the Bronze Age. Fragments of Mycenaean pottery, dating from the fifteenth and fourteenth centuries, found in the coastal strip between Porto d'Ischiaand Casamicciola precisely on the hill of Castiglione, feel, indeed, pre-existing links with the Aegean world.

The topography of Pithecusa is configured with: downstream from the headland to the north-east, the harbor and a small inhabited build up area (now Lacco) on the height of the Ascending City up to the Acropolis, where the presence of an archaic temple is documented by the remains of tiles and frames, at the foot of the Acropolis, in the north-west, still a harbor and the valley of S. Montano, area suitable for the location of the necropolis.

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Alfonso Di Spigna, the painter of melancholy, was born in Lacco Ameno on January 1, 1697 by Dionisio and Lucia Castaldo and died on November 1st 785 at the age of 88 years. He was buried in the congregation of the laity of St. Mary of the Assumption in Lacco and during the earthquake of 1983 the bones of the painter went missing in the collapse of that congregation. Pupil of Francesco Solimena, spent part of his youth in Genoa, where he lived about seven years. He had to return to Ischia before 1735, because in this year are registered payments on their behalf at the church of St. Our Lady of Loreto and the Congregation of Visitapoveri. The painter was a member of this congregation until his death, holding important positions. From the news of his life we have the image of an artist well integrated into the island’s life in 700s, active and well-paid landowner who, in the words of the priest Domenico Marone in the death certificate quotes: "he spent his life well". In the church of St. Sebastian, are preserved two paintings, "The Annunciation" and "The Archangel Gabriel with Tobias".

Cardinal Baldassare Cossa was born in Ischia in the mid-fourteenth century and died in Florence on December 22, 1419, son of'Admiral Giovanni Cossa and Cicciola Barrili. He was one of the three popes during the Western Schism under the name John XXIII, from 1410 to 1415.

Cardinal Inigo d'Avalos was born in the thirties of the sixteenth century in Ischia and died in Rome on February 20, 1600, he was the son of Alfonso of Avalos, Marquis of Pescara and Maria of Aragon. He was Commendatory Abbot of Procida.

About the painter Cesare Calise we have a few news and many of his paintings were destroyed. Cesare Calise by some historians, was deemed Lecce-born but was actually born in Forio.

His activity is documented from 1588 to 1641, as evidenced by the contracts signed by him and the parish registers. Mannerist painter, ha d an evil destiny, because most of his work has been destroyed or badly restored, as in the case of Our Lady of Mysteries in the Church of Barano. Other his works are: Our Lady of Loreto, S. Nicola da Tolentino, triptych of the Madonna delle Grazie and the Saints Vito and Catherine of Alexandria, Martyrdom of Saint Catherine of Alexandria, Our Lady of the Rosary and the fifteen mysteries.

All paintings are signed Calise in Latin "Caesar Calensis pingebat"

Filippo di Lustro, forian by birth, lived continuously in Naples, where he had attended college, majoring in Law. President of the Club of Portici, Di Lustro collaborating with some leading figures in the events of that extraordinary decade of the century: Carlo Lauberg, who would become head of the Provisional Government of the Neapolitan Republic of '99, and the young Vincenzo Galiani and Emanuele De Deo. All together participated in the conspiracy against the Bourbons of '94, which failed, was drowned in blood.
Filippo Di Lustro, eluding justice Bourbon fled his native island. To protect him the wilderness was Epomeo, which provided safe and impenetrable havens. For several days he waited for the opportune moment to continue the flight, until one night, could not embark luckily Lacco Ameno on a boat that took him to Civitavecchia.
From the port of Lazio, the man reached Liguria, where, in Oneglia, the current Imperia, was founded a republic pro-French, of which was president Filippo Buonarroti, fine intellectual and revolutionary Jacobin. There, he held roles Di Lustro significant responsibility in the administration of the republic, winning the confidence and esteem of Buonarroti. The stay in Oneglia, lasted only a few months. Just one year later, when it was lifted presidential term to Buonarroti, Di Lustro decided, along with Michelangelo himself, moving to France, to Paris, where he continued with greater intensity his political activities with the program of Babeuf, the "Manifesto of equals" which claimed that the principle of equality in social and economic of the French State.
After the capture and death of Babeuf, Di Lustro chose to join the army of Napoleon, where he attained the rank of Commissioner of War. With Napoleon's army took part in the Egyptian campaign and there, on July 25, 1799 he died fighting the Turks at Aboukir.
(Source: Center for historical research of Amber)

Erasmo Di Lustro was born in Forio in 1823. Young he takes part into the Franciscan Order of the Friars Minor Observant, under the name of Father Giuseppe from Forio.
Excellent speaker, with a fervent passion for politics, did not hide his liberal sympathies, against the Bourbons. Ideals that are its flag after the escape of the Spanish rulers. He targets the mass explaining the need to give the necessity to annex Rome to the rest of Italy.
His thought and its ways attract the sympathy of Giuseppe Garibaldi, but cause many problems with the church hierarchy, who see in the priest a rebellion against the Pope Dismissed from the Order, including the name of baptism, of Erasmo Di Lustro and has been teaching in a private school in Naples, where he engages in deep humanities.
In 1873 he returned to Forio and take part in disputes related to local politics. In recent years, lives a retreat, focusing on private and literary studies.
He died on January 4, 1898.

Monsignor Francesco Morgioni, born in Ischia on September 1, 1661 by Nicola Morgioni and Domenica Sorrentino. He was Vicar General of our Diocese.
Bishop of Ruvo di Puglia and then Minori. He died in Ischia on November 18, 1712.

Bishop Bernardo Onorato Buonocore, who was born in Ischia on August 18, 1700 by Nicola Onorato and Antonia Sirabella. He was Bishop of Trevico and Vico della Baronia.
He died in Trevico (Avellino) on December 31, 1773.

Bishop Francesco Lanfreschi, born in Ischia on March 17, 1691 by Marquis Giacomo and Angela Lanfreschi of Mesesy-Garay. He was bishop of Gaeta and then Archbishop of Acerenza and Matera. He died in Matera November 18, 1772.

Monsign. Giovanni Andrea Schiano, born in Ischia on April 21, 1676 by Antonio Schiano and Lucia Colonna. He was Bishop of Massa Lubrense. He died in Ischia on December 12, 1745.

Anna Baldino born in Piedimonte of Barano on January 16, 1913. She graduated in Arts at the Royal University of Naples in 1937, and from '37 to '50 was a teacher of literature, Latin and Greek in the sub-office in Ischia high school "Umberto" of Naples, in 1951 became dean. She founded all secondary schools existing in the other towns of the island. The Baldino wrote and published essays on the Counter-Reformation.

Luigi Lavitrano was born in Forio on March 7, 1874, from Leonardo and Giuseppina Musella. After the earthquake of 1883 was brought to Castelmorrone (Caserta) in an establishment run by the Sisters of Charity, where he completed his first studies. Completed the course of primary schooling, was entrusted to Father Filippo Valentini, who opened a school in Rome, where he completed high school and in 1897 received his degree in teology. On March 26, 1898 he was ordained a priest in Rome in the church of San Giovanni Lateran.
In 1914 he was elected Bishop of Cava dei Tirreni, Sarno and in 1924 was promoted to Archbishop of Benevento. While staying at the helm of the two dioceses, Luigi Lavitrano devoted himself with all his might to the care of souls, to the many orphans.
In 1928 he was proclaimed Archbishop of Palermo which was greeted with the blessing of the people, he remained 17 years and during the Second World War remained as the only authority in Palermo. Pius XII called him to Rome in 1945, elevating him to the rank of Prefect of the Sacred Congregation for Religious, in the new and high office he distinguished himself for his life spotless ruling elegantly.
On August 2, 1950, the Cardinal died at Castel Gandolfo. His remains rest in Forio in the basilica of S. Our Lady of Loreto.

Born in Forio on August 3, 1842 and graduated in 1866 as a surgeon and specialized in homeopathy participating in the Third War of Independence, as a medical officer. He wrote several works on homeopathy taking part in several international congresses, in 1895 was established the chair of homeopathy at the University of Naples and the first to occupy the chair was just the Cigliano. In 1896 he was elected Consigliere Provinciale for the District of Forio and obtained the provincialization of the road of Ischia-Forio.
He died in Naples in 1913, that Naples which gave him a place in the fence of the illustrious men.
His forian residence is the ancient Cigliano palace, where even today, on the side of the tower stands an angel holding a banner, which read: "Similia similibus".

Born in Ischia Porto on December 4, 1870. In 1897, after rigorous studies, he was ordained priest, priest rigorous and balanced spirit, he conveyed his ideas and initiatives clearly. The Buonocore rented from the town of Ischia premises of the convent of St. Antonio to create a school because, at that time who wanted to study just had to enter the seminary, was born in Ischia the first secondary school in the agrarian type "Vittoria Colonna". In 1939 opens another private school: the Istituto Magistrale "Ferrante d'Avalos," which was soon equalized. He filled the houses of Ischia with pamphlets, newspapers and books published at his own expense, as evidenced booklets entitled "Culture", the biweekly "The Watchtower of the Gulf" and books with the history of Ischia.

 Giovanni Maltese was born in Forio on January 7, 1852 by Francesco and Rosa Castaldi, who live in the area of Monterone. Lost his mother since he was child and his father was passed to a second marriage, was entrusted to the care of his uncles farmers and lived his childhood in contact with the fertile land of Forio and the rural culture. Soon emerged in him the love for art, which was naturally suited. He liked to carve figurines of men and animals in the wood of the branches of his land with good results in a child of his age and this prompted then-Mayor Orazio Patalano to ask him for a scholarship that allowed him to move to Naples and enroll at the Academy of Fine Arts, where he received education and arts education by the most famous masters of the time. Obtained his degree he moved to Rome, where he attended for two years the study of Giulio Monteverde, famous sculptor realistic. Just by the sculptor Monteverde, Piedmontese by birth and Roman by adoption, our Maltese was indicated as a sculptor for the decorative work of the castle of Chenonceaux, one of the castles of the Loire, which still can be visited with admiration for the elegance of style the perfection of the architecture, the symbiosis with the natural environment in which they are immersed. His stay in the Loire Valley lasted just over six months. Back in Forio devoted himself to sculpture commissioned and in this period (1881) produced "The lousy" beautiful sculpture in plaster.
Between 1881 and 1883 the island of Ischia was hit by two earthquakes, the most devastating was that one of 1983, also known as "earthquake of Casamicciola" because it was the town that have the greatest number of injuries and deaths. Forio also suffered a lot of damage and wept many deaths. Among them relatives of Giovanni Maltese, who managed to save one from the rubble with the help of a boy then a decade later identified by biographers in the person of Louis Patalano, who later became a close friend, even if politically motivated them parted to the early '900s, as evidenced by some satirical dart launched by a Maltese Patalano in the collection "Cerrerme". Obtained in the lease by the City Tower, transformed it into a private residence and studio staff. Here was the highest number of his sculptures and paintings, which still reside there, having been left to the City its substantial heritage and having the City and ordered placed in the upper hall, called the Museum G. Maltese. Happy was the meeting with the artist Mrs. Fanny Lane Fayer, creating a life-giving experience of love, which ended with the wedding, celebrated in Naples on April 20, 1901. The elective affinity with the bride, the sweet character of Fanny, the late but profound experience of love to the sculptor gave renewed vigor and an unexpected serenity.
Fate was not generous. Only 12 years later, on August 21, 1913, G. Maltese died in Forio, suffering from heart disease.

He was born in Forio on September 23, 1880, the third son of Dr. Matteo, physician and scholar of the spa island, and Marianna Patalano. He studied at the Seminary of Ischia and the College of the Benedictine Fathers of Cava dei Tirreni. Graduating from law school, he devoted himself mainly to poetry and the visual arts. He contributed to Il Mattino and Il Giorno newspaper, directed the periodic the Gerone and L’Aquilotto, the latter which he founded in 1921.He took part into the First World War as an officer. In those years he conceived and executed the monument to Vittorio Emanuele III, erected in the town of Gorizia. He taught history and law at Naples in technical schools. Back in Forio, after the Second World War, he was appointed by the City Council the custody and management of the Torrione, where were kept the works of the poet and sculptor Giovanni Maltese, which also supervised the publication of the unknown Sonnets in dialect with the addition of a glossary and an essay on the forian dialect. His collections of poetry: Quando ne imbrocco una and I miei versi giocosi, and the comedy in forian dialect Nzàurete. The inscriptions were composed by him to Cardinal Luigi Lavitrano (Basilica of Santa Maria di Loreto) and forian hero Luca Balsofiore.
Giovanni Verde loved deeply Forio and the island. In recent years he devoted himself to the establishment of the group Italian Sailors. In 1955 he took interest into the publication of the dialect sonnets unpublished by Maltese.
Among his works are: " La saga di Pitecusa o la leggenda dell’isola d’Ischia”, "Quando ne imbrocco una" in the local forian dialect, "I miei versi giocosi" in Italian and comedy in forian dialect "Nzàurete".
Its poetic production is characterized by an intelligent irony and self-deprecation, through which grasps the aspects of genuine forian life. In addition to his poetic works to include the work of sculptor, recalling at least the monument to Vittorio Emanuele II in Gorizia and the bas-relief dedicated to Luca Balsofiore gold medal for military valor.
He died on March 28, 1956.

Luca Balsofiore was born in Forio  (Naples) on January 11 1906. After graduating from the Institute of Marine Captain Boat in Naples and admitted to the course reserve officers at the Naval Academy of Livorno, in June 1928 he received the appointment of Lieutenant Direction Machines. Retained in service demand in 1930 was promoted to Lieutenant and in 1937 was appointed Captain, paying later service on Naval School, at the School Specialists of Venice, Livorno's Naval Academy, the Naval Command at the Autonomous Adriatic and finally to Navalgenio Genova. He took part into military operations in Spain, on April 16, 1941, participated in the mission of convoy escort that saw the unit harshly committed against four similar units English. In the bitter fighting that followed, which culminated in the sinking of the British destroyer Luca Tarigo and Mohawk torpedoed by the same Tarigo Luca, Luca Balsofiore although severely wounded and blinded by a blow to the face he wanted to be accompanied dashboard next to his Commander the Commander Pietro De Cristofaro, and with him disappeared beneath the waves.

Luigi Mazzella born in Ischia 21 December 1829. In 1865 he graduated in medicine specializing in obstetric surgery, was a physician of great science and strove to patients with singularities. In 1869 he was elected mayor of Ischia and the fate of common interest for fifteen years or so, gave rise to elementary schools, simplified the bureaucracy of the municipality put discipline in public offices. The work that reminds us was the building of the plant thermo-mineral water of Ischia Porto. He died on March 5, 1883.

He was born in Forio in 1836. He graduated in medicine in 1863. In Forio he strove with all his might to alleviate the suffering moral and material of the lower classes and the underprivileged. In 1881 and 1883, when Ischia was hit by the earthquake, Matteo Verde was among the first to help the wounded. These merits earned him the appointment of Knight of the Crown of Italy by King Umberto I. He was a doctor involved in scientific studies and research. Propagandized the use of vaccinations to prevent exanthematous diseases. In 1894 he took part in the liberation movement youth "League for Freedom," also took part in the political Forian events but never covered administrative positions. At his funeral a few young patriots coffin wrapped in the flag.

Monsignor Agostino D'Arco, born in Ischia on March 5, 1899 by Michelangelo D'Arco and Maria Francesca Trani, Titular Bishop of Coadjutor Archbishop Tenneso and Emanuel, Bishop of Castellammare di Stabia, whom he succeeded on March 29, 1952. He died in Castellamare on September 29, 1966.

Archbishop Carlo Mennella, born in Casamicciola on June 29, 1834 by Nicola Mennella and Sirabella Carolina. He was Titular Bishop of Mennith and Auxiliary Bishop Di Nicola, Bishop of Ischia.
He died in Casamicciola July 30, 1883.

Monsignor Giovanni Onorato Carcaterra, OFM, was born in Forio on February 11, 1871 by Vincenzo Carcaterra and Raffaela Capuano.
He was Custodian of the Holy Jerusalem, then titular Bishop of Ipso.
He died in Grumo Nevano on March 14, 1940.

Monsignor Giovanni Scotti, born in Forio on March 18, 1874 by Salvatore Scotti and Caterina Mattera, only 22 years laurel in sacred theology and the year after he graduated in Utroque jure.
Deep knowledge of the Bible published in the volume of biblical comment that had the honor of most editions. In 1918 he was promoted to Archbishop of Rossano where he worked among the youth of Catholic Action, and faced the painful social problems and economic renewal of life in the country. He died in Procida on October 16, 1930.

 Prof. Mennella Cristofaro born in Ischia on February 17, 1907, crossed the courses of studies very quickly, majoring in physical and mathematical sciences. He was appointed, in 1951, Director of the Geophysical island of Ischia by the Central Bureau of Meteorology and Environment. One of his works accepted into the university was "Il Clima d’Italia". Mennella was a member of the Italian Astronomical Society, of the Geophysics and Meteorology, of the Italian Geographic Doctors Association of Italian hydroclimatology, the Italian Society for the Advancement Science and Society of Astronautics Italian. Died on January 25, 1976.

Vincenzo Telese born in Ischia on February 19, 1907. In 1928 he took over the representation of the Bank of America and Italy, in 1930, was the owner and director of the Office of Forestiero established to contribute to the development of natural resources and the development of tourism and spas of the island.
Since 1936 to 1946 he fulfilled the office of Justice of the Peace of Ischia, in 1946 he became Mayor of Ischia. He developed tourism; streamlined the bureaucratic part of the municipal offices, gave rise to elementary schools and secondary schools and invited him to Ischia tour operators; Ischia became so popular tourist spot of first class
In 1966 he was appointed Chairman of the Company Initiatives and Ischia Tourist Club International “Ischia in the World”.

Giuseppe D'Ascia, author of the monumental and encyclopedic history of the island of Ischia (1867), was born in Forio on February 23, 1822. At the age of losts both parents within walking distance of each other. He studied in Naples for about six years and in 1845 married Maria Capuano, who died prematurely, leaving him a widower and father of two children. The pain does not end for him in 1860, after surviving an ambush by tesagli by

Mario Alberto was born in Lendinara (Rovigo) in 1825. He took part to the first war of independence and coup attempts in Genoa.
In 1857, he went first to England and then the United States. He returns to Italy for the War of Independence, but there comes when the armistice have already signed. Married Jessie White and Garibaldi’s friend and advisor, participated in the expedition of the Thousand. To the Companies of Garibaldi he devotes two of his writings: The Red Shirt (1870) and Popular Life of Garibaldi (1872). He died in 1883.

Luigi Patalano, writer, politician and poet, was born in Forio in 1869. He began his classical studies and after graIn 1890 he founded and directed the magazine Pro Patria. Political and scientific magazine. Radical journal that welcomes socialists and republicans, and which presents itself as "a magazine of the highest cultural level and particularly incisive line republican Mazzini and in open opposition to the monarchy" (D'Ambra, p. 11).

(Lacco Ameno 1909-Rome 1964). Major General. At an early age he moved with his family toTaranto, where his father, Marshal, serving in the Navy. After the first studies in 1929 he entered the Academy of Infantry and Cavalry of Modena. On January 22, 1941, in command of the Armoured Division Ariete, left for Africa Northern Italian. On the battlefield was heroic fighter, driver of missions, earning several decorations, including the German Iron Cross II class, that on the contrary he stepped and threw away when there was the massacre of the Fosse Ardeatine. On May 7, 1942, King Vittorio Emanuele III conferred upon him the honor of Knight of the Order of the Star of colonial Italy. During the Olympic Games in Rome in 1960, he held the command of the Military Group. The town of Lacco Ameno has decided to name a street.

(Ischia 1917-1989). Owner who has given great impetus to the maritime communications between the islands and the mainland. Since he was child, he showed a great inclination for the sea. He learned to fly the first Ondina, in service for links Ischia and Naples. When the island of Ischia began to develop in the field of tourism, Agostino Lauro initiated the establishment of the shipping company that will become in time one of the largest and important one of the Mediterranean Sea, in particular by helping to facilitate more communication between the island and the of Ischia and the mainland. After the Freccia del Golfo (1948), a mass of war adapted to passenger transport, from the mid-1950s is a succession of acquisitions: the Celestina, the Angelina, Rosaria, the Salvatore Lauro, the Agostino Lauro, Settebello ... There is then also the gateway to the hydrofoils, which have considerably strengthened the maritime links. In 1968 began the connections between Naples and Palermo and then moving on Brindisi - Corfu. Appointed Cavaliere del Lavoro in 1974

The gallant coffee, as was called by Elsa Morante, owner of the International Bar of Forio, populated especially in the years 1945/1960 by celebrated personalities (Italians and foreigners artists and writers) who used to stay in Ischia. She was inspired by the poet W. Auden for the character of Baba the Turk by Stravinsky, also in a poem entitled The International Bar concludes:

Naples by birth (1920), Ischian by maternal lineage, has always had a great love for Ischia and has developed an intense activity for the island. From 1952 to 1956 he was director of EVI, until April 1964 and then president of the organization itself, significantly contributing to setting and problem solving, as well as the tourism and economic development, in a period that saw just the realization of many works. He founded and directed the monthly Ischia l’Isola Verde (1949-1952) and the fortnightly, along with Saverio Barbati, The Gulf (1953-1954), and then Letter from Ischia (1962), title taken after various times, in 1959 he published a Guide of Ischia island; provident to establish the necklace publications the Notebooks of the green island. To him we owe also the establishment of the Friends of the island of Ischia and the Nautical Club of Forio. He has held important posts also employed by the Italian Radio and Television.

(Serrara Fontana 1852-1933). Hermit of Epomeo, "philosopher rude and uncommunicative", which, after 42 years, was forced to leave the hermitage after a measure of Serrara Fontana that a group of islanders, in an appeal to the citizens and authorities, called "violation of law by the guardians of the law". In 1926, after two years, he was recalled and brought back to Epomeo, where he hosted and Carbonari climbers, tourists and carpenters, poets, generals and princes (the king Vitt. EmanueleIII), "offering everyone the same straw bed and the same glass of hard liquor, at dawn, as the mist that rises from the valley brings out the tops of the mountain like a sea of gray rocks blacks".

((Casamicciola 1844-1898). Ordained a priest in 1866, he became pastor of a Casamicciola destroyed by the earthquake of 1883, in which he too was miraculously pulled from the rubble, and devoted his life to his country with an assiduous pastoral, with dedication and tireless hard work and love for the needy. Much has also worked for the reconstruction of the parish church. He published several works, including a Life of Our Lord Jesus Christ. Start the cause of beatification in 1991, he was declared Venerable in May 2002 by the decree on April 23 2002, reported in the Proceedings of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, in which, among other things, says: “(Morgera) led the people in the ways of God not only through the work of his sacred ministry, but also with the holiness of his life, became an example of his flock. To exercise in the best possible way the mission entrusted to him by the Church with constant mind followed the example of the Good Shepherd, both in words and deeds striving to become another Christ. Constantly, generously and spiritual joy cultivated Christian and priestly virtues. He shone especially for faith, hope and charity. With mind and heart embraced the truths revealed and the Magisterium of the Church”.

(Rome 1921-Ischia 1994). Lecturer in Medical Hydrology at the University La Sapienza of Rome, was a leading figure in the field of spa island and as a director of the Centro Studi P. Malcovati of Lacco Ameno and medical director of spas in Ischia, Lacco Ameno and Casamicciola, both for his publications on aspects of the thermal waters of Ischia, including The Island of Ischia, health and beauty guide thermal treatments (1991), also translated into German. He has also published My Yemen, an outspoken autobiographical insight, a natural flavor Roman, as he used to say, fourteen years old Yemeni (1955-1968).

(Ischia 1870-1960). Came to light in the Villa dei Bagni, at the age of fifteen he entered the seminary, where he treated his preparation by constant study and passionate. He was ordained priest in 1897 and began to teach Latin and Greek, never abandoning his aspiration to pursue higher education in his favorite subjects, at a time when the church authorities were not as likely to allow priests to the frequency of the universities. It strove constantly to the increase of the public schools on the island, as well as for the culture in general. In 1915, it was his initiative to open a school and thus was born the Vittoria Colonna (housed in the convent of St. Antonio), where students flocked from all over the island. In 1939 he opened the Istituto Magistrale Ferrante d'Avalos operating until 1949, when it was created a senior high school. Established the Library Antoniana. In 1944, with other friends, he founded the Center for Studies of the island of Ischia, which held the presidency until 1958. He was the author of numerous publications on the island of Ischia, as well as director of periodic success (La Cultura, especially with historical themes, and La Vedetta del Golfo): La storia di uno scoglio (1956), Il più bel fiore d'Enaria (1905), Nuptialia Isclana (1907), La Diocesi d'Ischia (1948), and various others. Known his encouragement to the young generation to know the land, to be able to love.

(Lacco Ameno 1766-1852). Ordained a priest, he was for a time treasurer of the Parish of SS. Annunziata Lacco, then passed into the Archbishop's Curia of Ischia. In Lacco Ameno also held the office of justice of the peace from 1828 to 1833, the district had Pannella a villa where many travelers staying in the first half of the XIX century, including several monarchs. The building was built around 1616 by Francesco De Siano, who was also a priest, who used it for a summer residence. On the death of Tommaso, the villa was divided between the co-owners and part continued to function as dump. Then the earthquake of 1883 caused the collapse of the building.

Born in 1921in Oratino in the province of Campobasso, where his father, the Ischian Aniello, was doctor. Composer, author, arranger, singer and guitarist, in his youth he was also player of the team Ischia. In Naples in the mid-1940s he began to sing the classic Neapolitan song, in Ischia he met Romano Mussolini with other friends formed a band that was performing at La Conchiglia in Forio. In 1953 he opened in Ischia with the architect Sandro Petti the Rangio Fellone, which will be for a decade the hottest nightspot frequented by the international jet-set holiday in Ischia. The songs were L'ammore mio è... frangese; ; Na voce, na chitarra e 'o poco 'e luna, Chitarra mia napoletana. In 1954, he played and sang in London for Queen Elizabeth II, during a reception hosted by the Italian Embassy, among those present Laurence Olivier, Vivien Leigh, Anthony Eden, Vittorio De Sica, Peter Ustinov. In 1960 Angelo Rizzoli wanted him to Pignatiello, another popular haunt of Lacco Ameno. He also wrote music for films. He died on August 6, 1994 while he was traveling by train to his native country, Oratino.

(Lacco Ameno 1923-1995). Degree in Literature and Philosophy, he practiced first as a teacher and then principal. At the same time he came early in the political arena, becoming mayor of Lacco Ameno only at the age of twenty-three years (1946), a position he retained, except for a few brief interruptions, for over forty years. At to its mandate administrative are related significant moments in the country, as the great tourist development.

This town takes its name from two main villages that comprise it, the one located on the southern summit of Mount Epomeo, and the other halfway. This town is called with a romantic simile, Switzerland of the island of Ischia, both for its mountain posture, both for the industry of his mountain sheep. These two villages are a brotherhood, and the joint nature, and the organic civil and military administration, divided into two parishes in the ecclesiastical branch.
These two villages in ancient times were not that busy campaign by farmers and shepherds, and had only one parish, and was that one of Fontana, the oldest part of the island. In the administrative side, with their small houses accessories, the other lands of this island from the town or castle of Ischia depend. As the population grew throughout the island and in process of time Serrara Fontana formed the third part.
In 1806 these two villages bought their administrative autonomy, and the consortium was raised to joint third class.
From a historical-geographical dictionary of 1802 we get that house on the island of Ischia Fontana joined withSerrano had a population of 700 souls.
Currently the population of the town meeting ascends, according to official statistics, to 1793 souls, but by collecting accurate information from authoritative sources, at 1869 inhabitants, who are divided into farmers, shepherds and landowners sea-settlers.
This town is bordered from the east met with the town of Forio, from noon to the sea and with the City of Testaccio, from the north with that of Casamicciola, in the west with that of Forio. Begins its territory to the Cross of the Colajacono at Ciglio, ends in the valley Bellarita in Moropano.
Today it has become common in the sixth grade, belonging to mandment of Ischia.

The town of Lacco is located at the northern part of the island, bordered to the west with the towns of Forio, Casamicciola to the east, with the same two cities at noon, and with the sea to the north.
Looking this city, from Monte Vico, presents to the eye in the form of an amphitheater: by one hand, it is swallowed by the waves, another side there are the hills of Castanito, Pannella, of Mezzania, and the promontory of the bush Monte Vico, and the more modest of Ebdomade and the lido, which close a semi-circle occupied by the extensive plains planted vineyards and charming villas. It ends on one side at the foot hills shaded by clumps of little selveti and the other side is formed by the extensive sea washed by the waves along its northern extension. The districts Pannella, Mezzania, Monte-House, House-Let, Mud, Cesa, Capital, and others, are included within this small town.
The etymology of the name Lacco, De Siano derives from the Greek pencil in Italian stone, or stony place, and, in fact, he argues: throughout Lacco was - perhaps at his time, or before - full of large masses of white tuff, which although they are broken, in large quantities for use in the factory, there are still especially a fungus that is the figure of the great well located in the sea not far from the shore, which serves mooring and shelter for ships. The Genoese in 1798 called this rock Lacco the very expressive name for the name of the place.
In 1863 they were invited all municipalities in southern Italy to bring those changes, which they believed appropriate, to the ancient names of their cities. The municipality of Forio, believed to add to this, the Royal Decree was authorized the qualifier Ameno and was authorized to call Lacco-Ameno, a name officially preserved.
Considering the veil that covers fables, myths, and traditions of thousands of centuries, and wanting to scrutinize the monuments on the territory of Lacco presents us, we must assume that the first Phoenician colonies to the latest British invasion occurred in 1809, most part, even if you do not want to tell all, they had to arrive to the comfortable and spacious beach of Lacco, and because its largest navy, and because of more secure anchoring.
In fact, legend has it that the Trojan fleet will be repaired in the womb of Marine Lacco, and that colony has occupied this plain with its leader, with the promontory of Monte Vico.
The physicist Dr. Francesco De Siano, native of Lacco, in his operetta, argues that the Greek monuments excavated at that site, the headquarters of the Greek colonies was Lacco, situated in the middle of the island.
But beyond the legends and opinions of local writers, the statue of Hercules, etc. there are many stories to indicate that the first colonies that have occupied this site. The Greeks of the early expeditions, establishing their main headquarters in the valley of Negroponte and other points are stretched along the coast, from Punta Perrone in Monte Vico as it is also the opinion of Jasolino and Oltramontano. The Syracuse who stared at their main center in the Land of Forio lasted until the marina of San Montano Monte Vico and on top of which, built a military bulwark that the eruption of Caccavelli could not destroy.
The famous writer Capaccio argued that the inscriptions on the sepulchral urns, and the names of those extinct, are too truthful testimony, the Romans living in this pleasant beach.
But if all these ancient colonies have landed, have concentrated in our coverage of the territory, we have arguments that have never established a permanent dwelling, perhaps because the place is too exposed, just repaired, or not suitable to their industries or professions, or perhaps because, having planted their cemetery, their burial, in the most romantic and melancholy plains, and on the hill of Monte Vico, and for veneration for the dead, is a sentiment of religion or superstition, they stopped their main headquarters in Forio, but for a place of worship. This place was used and held in awe, the seat of their gods and Penates for the district, was inhabited by the souls of the deceased and from the invisible spirit of their patron, for fear of seeing it was so polluted by new adventurers, was allocated a detachment stationed on Mount Vico, where they were discovered scrap vessels and tiles used in the usual roofs of houses, as well as caves plastered like a tank of oil, or rather of wine and jars.
However if scrap of old factories have been found on Mount Vico, even if there have been houses on the hills of Fundera, House Monti and boundaries, there are signs of old factories along the plain of the sea. So the last part had to be lived. When the pirates disappeared before the fishermen and sailors, then the wealthy bourgeoisie began to build their homes in this pleasant location by the sea.
Too long we have told about these historical details, so we move on to more recent times and say, that the municipality of Ameno Lacco if the timing was very kind of the place of worship and the worship of ancient colonies, as we mentioned, in times of Christianity was regarded as the depositary of the body of a saint. In this regard, here is what he is saying the same De Siano Lacco: One can not deny that, and still less in the beginning of the fourth century, arrived in this island from Africa to protect the body of the mistress of the same, virgin and martyr St. Restituta, who arrived in a boat in the bloodless shore of the sea of small breast S.Montano called Le Ripe, which are still there as of sand, where she was received and transported to the place, where is her church, and convent of the Carmelite Fathers together, the aquifer south of Monte di Vico already noticed ...

The position of Barano and its farmhouses is unique on the island: it looks like a Mediterranean country, because far from the sea, in a prominent arrangement, between hills and mountains, valleys and fertile and lush plains. The campaigns of Moscardino, Maisyo, Belvedere, Cufo, Cesa, the Tower, Casabona, Cottage-and between-Moropano adjacency of other Cannavino, Tuoro Valley, Terzano, Finestra, make it more cheerful and smiling this interesting town. Indeed the air that you breathe in these places is very healthy: the houses are mostly one-storey but decent, clean with multi-storey building and buildings that contrast with the rest of this site are private dwellings. As equally elegant lodges are located between those campaigns.
The buildings of the main center of the town giving an air of distinction to the site, exposed in a beautiful location, explains to a horizon view of the picturesque, and beautiful by two points south-east and south.
The territory of Barano also has an ancient history, older than it seems, since the fertility of the soil, and its topographic position, sheltered between the hills and mountains.
This natural advantage attracted the early settlers, Syracuse, Neapolitans, and Romans, and indeed at that time, the districts-where today Moropane- Barano, and Testaccio, were inhabited, and believed to be in reputation, for pure air, and the renowned and revered its sources of mineral-rich waters, which we regard as the oldest, and first used. We said on these famous waters because they were not inferior to those estimated very famous Umbria: venerated because under the protection of Apollo and the Nymphs nitrous, which gave name to the more specious source of this district, which was spoken of nitrous and then Nitroli. The bas-reliefs carved in the neighborhood confirmed this antiquity.
The mellowness of the soil attracted its ancient inhabitants, the air pure and balmy, that can enjoy healthy water that flows of nitrous, which was tested as portentous for some diseases, it is high PEL meal; for comfortable living - attracted new inhabitants, so that this land was first settled more than, so that Jasolino, who wrote a short account of this island in 1587 saying that after the earth Forio, was the house and no longer inhabited the island at that time was joined by a parish in Testaccio.
But there was a time that the district Barano remained depopulated and it was after the eruption of 1301: came the other in which the same district, and the land surrounding the ancient lost importance, and it was the fall of the Aragonese.
In 1544 these houses were also looted, like the rest of Serrara, the land of Forio and Panza, by the pirate Barbarossa, was most miserably and fearfully Barano thrown in squalor. Its inhabitants who survived were scattered around the island, some setting in tower somewhere in that range in elevation of land, other inane Gottaviello heights of the hill, and the other working days in those campaigns, the evening went to shelter in the castle of Ischia became the only refuge of islanders, to dodge the slavery, and violence of the Saracens.

In the western side of the island of Ischia, the country washed by the sea for the whole extension, surrounded by verdant plains, backed by the mountain that sits on the hills in the most luxurious and comfortable posture, flanked by two current volcanic, one to the north, another south; that country is called Forio.
It is bordered to the east and noon with the City of Fontana-Serrara; to the south with that of Ischia, to the north with that of Forio, on the west with the sea.
The main roads that put this town in communication, capture other neighbors are three: to the north and ends at Cavallara Lacco-Ameno, that of Fango to the north-east coast for half connects this town with Ischia, in the South that leads to the village of Panza, and continues to Serrara Fontana for steep climbs.
Beautiful, pleasant, are its breasts, its headlands, its bridges, and that we shall describe below these details.
Forio was called by Jasolino Fiorio saying: “Forino said by others, but by us Fiorio because after the destruction of many houses and castles that flourished, being the eldest of others throughout the island, well-equipped with twelve towers, with artillery , and with many people to fly, beautiful site of abundant wine, and excellent fruit”.
And De Siano also added the name of Forio etc. in Italian fertile: the name given to this place, because unlike other places of the island’s most fertile land to be the largest in the plan with the low hills, and therefore most suitable for growing and more fertile. Of this there can be no doubt, being also that until the present (1798), for this reason that the Earth looks like a city that contains the largest population of the island, multiplying the most fertile places in the competition of the inhabitants, the population is well all located together on a spit of land etc.
Forio includes: 1 main center of the country. 2 The village of Monterone. 3 The scattered houses. 4 The village of Panza.
In this arrangement the City, towns, countryside, the villas, the culminating point, from which begins the demarcation of Forio, Fasano called the east, below the summit Epomeo: the right side and northern Europe, the lowest point, the Cala di S. Montano, from which the proceeding is prolonged westward currents Zaro, or Caruso. From the mid-day the demarcation point from the boundary is called the Cross of Cola Jacono old farmer of Socchivo.
The first Greek colonies dwelt still Forio, in the opinion of De Siano.
These first Greek colonies, which settled on this plain, were the Doric, ie Siracuse, remained on the island under the Pacio Nimpsio Pacillo and Maio’s orders, after the defeat of lands.
Such an opinion was recorded by d’Aloysio, and repeated by the Anonymous Ultramontane.
From the foot of the hill to the valley of St. Emperor Montano, was a fertile and smiling plain: the Syracusans allured to that site, and while the enchanting beach subjected to the Emperor, erected their temple to Venus -whose white marble statue was discovered in 1792, and brutally destroyed.
From the opposite side, on top of the promontory of Vico, there was the wall of the fortress, which was submitted to the city to look west and dominate the existing cemetery in the subject valley, near the sea, to the entrance of town on highway as was the custom among Greeks, Romans, and hence one to establish their cemeteries.
The eruption of Caccavelli drove this colony, the same buried the city under the lava of Zaro and Marecoco.
The elements calmed down and ran the Partenopei, then the Romans.
The monuments discovered, the buried jars, the voices interfered in Latin Doric dialect, proved that the Neapolitan and Roman lived there.
Came the Sicilians, at the Julius Caesar time, bragging rights of ownership of the land occupied by the Neapolitans, having expelled Syracuse, they demanded the release. Julius Caesar had a right to their claim, and then the Sicilians occupied this country.
In this regard we report the d’ Aloysio’s words. Forio was originated by the Sicilians, who found a climate suited to their genius, they stopped there and multiplied, and called it Forio.
They broke the barbarians, these plains were devastated, the survivors took refuge in the mountains and hills.
With the Normans and Swabians remained with the impoverished island, and so the Syrians built churches, and multiplied, providing proof of indomitable perseverance and value.
Succeeded the Angevin dynasty, Sicily was touched at Vespers, and the children of Sicilians also rioted, calling for these plains: the French out.
The fertility of the place liked the new usurpers, and while the Charles II solders devastated these fields, the old settlers did not move away, with the eruption of 1301.
But back in 1305 and meeting votes, not to have been damaged in the property and in person, by the eruption of the cremation fire, they built churches and chapels in S. Antonio Abate.
The Spaniards occurring with the Aragons and Catalans, Sicilians, ran to plow or to occupy these vineyards and Lopez, the Galiz, the Jonchez planted here and with them ran to Corsica, and then others from Malta, which also took the House from the native land, and were called the Maltese, others from Matera in Apulia, took the surname of Mattera, and Matarese, others from Sorrento, Amalfi, Tuscany, are the Sorrentino, the Amalfitano, the Florentine, they give with their family name the first said, today House Jonchese, House Corso, House Calise, House Mattera, House Maltese, House Fiorentino.

The Aragonese Castle

The Aragonese castle

The name of this town is full of contrasts. Solenandro called the quarter-Mezula House. Jasolino Casanizzola. In-House Aloysio Nisola saying that the name taken by a matron named Eritrese Nisula, who because crippled, was left there by the fugitives Eritresi, and healed virtue of mercy of these waters.
De Siano called her Casamice saying that this name is composed of two voices, one Greek and one Latin, Greek word mica means House, added after the first. Mica from the Latin Sordem lavat totam, imagery, arose from the fervid genius of the writer, alluding to the miraculous virtues of these waters, that arise therein, designed to remove and wash all ailments.
We do not accept any of the sources, because we think they are all apocryphal, and implausible or fantastic.
In regard we support the view that the old name, the name of Casamicciola, was given by those who first built the first house of pleasure, or home health in this country, became uninhabited and unnamed, that indicate it to the city where land was to dwell, called the Casa-in-IUSA, or casa-in island, Casanisula, etc..
The City of Ischia lies on the northern side of the island, at the foot of the severe side Epomeo, at the base of the pear and Catreca.
The name comes from Pera because from this place the peasants carried on their shoulders the clay, and the fagots at the marina of Casamicciola.
Catreca means locus asper. These are the etymologies of these other two districts dates by Ziccardi.
Throughout the southern extension of this municipality is backed by the chain of mountains and hills. On the northern side is bathed by the sea on the east bordering municipality of Ischia, in the west with that of Lacco, at noon with Barano.
Casamicciola is divided into two main parts: one is called Upper Casamicciola, the other Lower Casamicciola.
Upper Casamicciola includes within its reach all those lands in the hills that rise above the center of town, like those of the Stone, House-Moriello, Majo, Monte-House, House-Castagna, Castanita, Spur-house, etc…
Lower Casamicciola includes and S. Pasquale citizens, Perrone, the petroni, Piazza Bagni and Marina.
This city though was extended by mountainous terrain and hills, although it was provided and intersected by the most beautiful, comfortable and spacious streets of the island, nicely shaded by plane trees and acacias, is divided into many neighborhoods, in different buildings, some of which are planted on an enchanting hills, surrounded by vines and shrubs, while others built in romantic valleys, watered by the steamy mineral water, and shaded by coppice forests, and other points of focus in their industries, which are explained in a dignified disorder, on a tongue of land which forms the meandering beach lido.
Such a romantic and varied position of the City and the building so divided, is isolated, the town of Ischia resorts, recreational boating, the campaign for the stranger, and for the sick.
This country is made more beautiful because it presents in its different districts, varied scenes.

He was Count and lived in Ischia in 1783 to cure himself. Thanks to him and King Ferdinand IV arrived in Ischia and came back the next year to fish and hunt. King liked the population of Ischia.

Famous painter, it is believed that her visit to Ischia took place in 1773 and a subsequent stay in 1787.

Came to Ischia in 1638, he tells in his book "MUNDUS SUBTERANEUS". He surprised a lot of variety and wealth of thermal springs.

It was one of the first foreign guests who informed us on Ischia after the return of King Ferdinand of Naples. In May of 1802 he stayed at an inn in the village of the castle, had a warm welcome and a passable bed for the night. Thanks to Benkowitz, who was on the island to visit an officer to guard the castle, we have no information on the prisoners, but not on hardened criminals but young children of noblemen who were imprisoned in the castle, so that they repent of some decisions inconvenient for parents.

French doctor came to Ischia, around 1585, so interested in the thermal waters. He studied the effects, he wrote a book on spas and on the healing power of water.

Famous French painter, arrived in Ischia at the end of 1790, with friends. Ischia, fascinated her, since the arrival and she wrote "one of the most beautiful impressions on arrival I felt it was the sight of a large number of houses perched on the mountain and clearly illuminated, which is offered to the eye as a second heaven". His excursion on Epomeo was no less because the sight was delighted and said that surely the poem was to be born there.

Crown prince son of Augustus III Elector of Saxony and King of Poland. The young prince was suffering from a severe paralysis, in 1738 came to the island for treatment. He made thirty-two baths swimming in the Gurgitello, after the young prince could move about only with the help of the stick.

Principe ereditario figlio di Augusto III principe elettore di Sassonia e re di Polonia. Il giovane principe soffriva di una gravissima paralisi, nel 1738 venne ad Ischia per cure .Egli fece trentadue bagni nell'acqua del Gurgitello, al termine il giovane principe poteva spostarsi solo con l'aiuto del bastone.

Friedrich was Count and Danish Ambassador in Berlin. Nicolovius friederich son was majoring in theology. He made a trip to Italy with his family. The hand of the Count is no description available in four volumes of the whole trip, while Nicolovius
had written a stimulating treatise on Ischia titled "DIE ISCHIESEN". In April 1792 the Count and his son Nicolovius made their first excursion one day to Ischia and they were impressed by the hospitality and kindness of people. Returned to the island in the second half of August and the first week of September of the same year. He stayed in Casamicciola at a winemaker, saw dance the tarantella dance Naples, in the most beautiful Nicolovius said. He loved the island so much, he wrote in a letter “Fortunata small island population! The sea separates you from the mainland. Remains with your costumes, your devotion small island people! Way joy will not abandon you and from generation to generation faithful to your ancestors bring joys bigger and bigger”.

It was one of the first guests who stayed on the island for months and which has remained a detailed diary of the island. The diary contains a varied disorder news about all that Berkeley has seen and lived what people told him customs, the manners of administration and ecclesiastical structures.

He was an English traveler, in 1610 on his return from a long journey stopped in Naples and made a small visit to Ischia but told very little.

Doctor involved in spa facilities, knows Ischia in 1786. As a guide was the priest and doctor Francesco de Siano. In the four days spent in Ischia, Marcard visited the modest thermal structure of Lacco Ameno, stoves and hot vapors of San Lorenzo. He climbed Epomeo and was enchanted by the wonderful panorama.

French Dominican Monk who traveled a lot and was able to express beautifully the intimate observations of everyday life. Unfortunately on Ischia he describe anything in particular because he didn’t ever visited it, but passed in June 1711. On that occasion, his cocked hat remained at anchor in front of Forio and people came on the ship tell him something. They told him on good wine, fruit and that there were twenty-four priests in Ischia.

His presence on the island is known from a manuscript of sixteen pages found on a stall in Paris in 1850.

He was a reverend who traveled to Italy and also came to Ischia. In his book brings out the full beauty of the landscape and importance of thermal water. He wrote that the island can be considered very wealthy and thriving and is a place of health and pleasure.

Important archaeologist visited the island of Ischia in the spring of 1764.

He came to Ischia in 1700 as a companion of Mr. Cecill. The meager news starting with the information around the Mediterranean Sea, there is no other island that produces a wine so strong, then it comes to the hot springs and many spas that were used to the simple people, the people of respect. JOSEPH ADDISON was a famous poet and statesman, he traveled to Italy from 1701 al1703. His observations are collected in a book REMARKS ON SEVERAL PARTS OF ITALY',were published ten editions, but the visit of Ischia describes it quite poorly.

He was a noted poet and statesman, he traveled to Italy from 1701 to 1703. His observations are collected in a book "REMARKS ON SEVERAL PARTS OF ITALY ', were published ten editions, but the visit of Ischia describes it quite poorly.

A German theologian, a French physicist and brilliant investigator who formulated the law on the relationship between gas space, gas pressure and temperature. Both dealt with the geology of the island, measured for the first time, with the help of the barometer height Epomeo.

Came to Ischia in 1785, accompanied by his family, he rented an apartment in the palace of San Montano (Lacco Ameno). They were enchanted by the beauty of the island and the friendliness of its inhabitants. Duke hoped to improve his health using the thermal baths. Duchess charmed by the kindness of the inhabitants organized a joyous celebration.

Doctor from Basso Reno came to Italy to complete his studies on the anatomy and chemistry. In his free time he made many trips, where not only met many doctors but also studied the fauna and geology of the country. He was particularly interested in volcanism and warm water. In his book " DE CALORIS FONTIUM MEDICATORUM CAUSA, EORUQUE TEMPERATIONE, LIBRIDO, ET PHILOSOPHIS ET MEDICIS PERUTILES" published in 1558, gave a complete description of the boiling water and stoves of Ischia. For the first time appeared in the literature sudatario of Testaccio, the fumaroles of Monte Vico says that reached rowing a place, now called "Bagnitiello", where even the sea water was boiling. In Citara was surprised by the number of pits dug in the sand, which served as bathtubs because they are full of boiling water. One year after the publication of the book was named as personal physician to the court of Dusseldorf, where he remained until his death.

Born in 1777 in Flasch. In 1802 it made his desire to get to know Italy. In 1805 he was for the first time in Ischia, lived in Casamicciola at Sentinella. He met an old woman who took her by hand he said to her that she was sick and we would be healed, for strangers the water has extraordinary virtue while for the islanders had no healing power.

Born in 1765 in Grafentonna near Gotha, grew up in Denmark and at eighteen she married the banker state councilor Brun. Came to Ischia in July del1796, arrived at the Marina di Casamicciola with friends. She was at Sentinella "in pleasant solitude of nature". At around the time of sunset on the roof of saliva to assist, the steep walls of Epomeo that were illuminated by the last rays of sun the globe of fire, which was plunged into the sea, it was a wonderful show. Friederike was every night bathing in the Gurgitello, the effect was great pains were gone.

He wrote a travel book which was very significant for the revival of tourism in the eighteenth century. He writes that he found a good accommodation with a wonderful wide view. Hoare visited the island in an excellent way, in just six days, who stayed there, it is most dear to him from Epomeo view because the eye slips from the Head of Minerva to Cuma and the entire Gulf. Hoare concludes with an earnest appeal to all the artists and scholars their footsteps and leave the paths of Ischia guides because they find rest and meditation.

A confirmation of the fame achieved by Casamicciola for its warm healing waters whose also Giovanni Boccaccio made experience. He choose Ischia as a location of his Decameron. And since the early '500 the first thermal establishments became destination for who wants to cure himself, also came from far away. A phenomenon destined for growing in the following centuries.

He was a professor of mineralogy of the real body of artillery in Naples. His work of two volumes on the physical topography of Campania has a physical representation of Ischia. No doubt it was the best knowledge of the geology and mineralogy of the island, which had to cross to the fund during his excursions with watchful eyes to the most secluded places. On the small Pera plateau above Casamicciola, where he had his residence, came across the remains of a walled boiler when it was subjected to boiling the raw material. Before this industry was founded in Ischia in 1460, alum had to be imported from Asia Minor.

Medical anatomist, had aroused new life to the spa. Every year Isolino sent patients and personally came to follow, tried to improve the primitive structures. In 1586 was ready the first draft of his book on Ischia, in which he summarized his many experiences and the topography of the island and especially treated the individual sources and fumaroles. The Nitrodi source based on the book "De’ Rimedi Naturali che sono nell’isola di Pithecusa oggi detta Ischia".

German doctor, he stopped at the island for quite a long time. He said that the bathroom was better in Casamicciola, all the others were rough and dirty.

He came three times in Ischia. The first one in 1811-1812, the second one in 1820, the third one in 1844. He wrote on CONFIDENCES, that are stories. In one of these confidences says that he lives in the most beautiful island, on a promontory that rises from the sea and its slopes thrive forests to the sea. Lamartine writes poems about Ischia and here wrote the novel GRAZIELLA.

Son of Ernest Renan, we should have several sketches, and they are contained in a published work that the young man in the earthquake of 1883 in the Gazette of the fine arts. Ary Renan was most interested in the architecture of Ischia.

He came to Ischia in the company of Baron von Bunsen. He stayed for four days at Sentinella, went to Epomeo and crossed on foot or with donkeys all over the island, which is extremely attractive and pleasant.

He was a connoisseur of Ischia. In 1825 in Vienna he came a book titled "L'ISOLA D'ISCHIA NEL 1822". From the book you will learn the tourism of the twenties of the last century. The center of the beach life was Casamicciola, but the second Haller preference was Lacco, which offered the most pleasant stay.

He came to Ischia in the late twenties. He has a catalog of his works containing a series of paintings and drawings that were composed in Ischia.

Natural scientist and physician, philosopher and artist. He came to Ischia in the company of Prince Friedrich Saxon, visited the castle, where Carus witnessed a beautiful sunset. Also he came in Lacco where the streets were decorated for the feast of Santa Restituta.

She came to Ischia to the middle of 1817, was the eldest daughter of Wilhelm von Humboldt and suffered from nerve pain in the face, and that's why she was advised to come. Her condition improved in only nine days, so he could visit the island, I was enchanted by the wonderful scenery and a beautiful sea.

A native of Wurttemberg was a young architect. He arrived at the village of Ischia, in 1830 in the company of friends, they decided to climb immediately Epomeo. The view excited them much. His stay on the island lasted only one day, Roller pleased him very much, says he has a gentle nature, idyllic, beautiful and friendly, almost fairy.

Professor at the University of Berlin, came to Ischia and lived in the Piccola Sentinella and from here ran the island and from there it was interested in the animal and plant kingdoms of the hot springs. At a news conference, which was held at the Prussian Academy spoke on the forces of Piazza Bagni in Casamicciola, hot water that flows and oozes in different areas in the Valle del Tamburo and on the rocky walls of a hole of the same and that breaks the rock in clay mass.

He came to Ischia in February 1828, he came to Ischia where he stayed. Unfortunately there was an earthquake and Ramage, in his diary published in 1868, describes the damage and the cries of the poor people, they returned to Naples and informed of what the British colony, so were aid from Naples.

Haeckel had a bachelor's degree at the age of 25, he wanted to know the marine world. In June of 1859 Allmers know, a poet of East Frisia and landowner, and the two toured the island. Some of their trips were: on 'Epomeo offering a wonderful view on Mount Tabor with equally hot springs, Forio that drew Africa for his constructions.

He came to Ischia three times, he was a scholar and a connoisseur of semantic languages and cultures. He was in the hope that the hot springs of Casamicciola could release his arthritic pain that tormented him. He said that the place was charming, easy life, and believed that the bathrooms were really effective against rheumatic pains.

Writer, he had become famous for his novel "DIE EUROPAMUDEN". He came to Ischia in 1846, he found, he said, a good reception decent food and housing not too expensive. It was January when he rode via Fiaiano towards the summit and from there enjoyed a great panorama of breath he said, "embrace at a glance the big three beautiful bays of Gaeta, Naples and Salerno".

Painter, in his famous book Südfrüchte he tells his stay in Ischia. Pecht said Forio and Ischia were rarely visited by foreigners, he loved the surroundings of Forio. The population found it very kind and get along with them.

Giorgio Buchner, died at ninety, at his home in Ischia, on 04.02.2005 the legendary archaeologist who brought to light the "Nestor's cup", the first document of the Greek language, he illustrated with his discoveries and studies what you can define the starting point of the history of Ancient Greece. Born in Monaco of Bavaria, he graduated in Naples with a thesis on the prehistory and archeology of Ischia, but only in 1952 was able to begin his research in the valley of San Montano, Lacco Ameno, excavations which led to fundamental discoveries in the necropolis Greek eighth century BC, long remained inviolate.
The results of his excavations, defined Pitecusa "an indispensable bridge for the reconstruction of the history of the West", gave him an international reputation which did not change its habit of extreme confidentiality, privacy, hiding a passion uncommon for his work as an archaeologist, to whom he dedicated all his life. At the beginning the soil contamination of the Cup of Nestor, did not reveal the Greek inscription. Then the restorers rebuilt a bowl with geometric decoration, 10 high and 15 cm wide. On the outer surface appeared three verses graffiti shortly after processing, "Nestor this is the cup from which you drink well but whoever drinks from this cup will be immediately seized by the desire of Aphrodite the beautiful crown," a clear allusion to Homeric derivation. The "Nestor's cup" formed one of the tests, retracing the routes opened by the Mycenaeans, at the beginning of the eighth century. BC, Greek sailors chose the island of Ischia to set up their trade with the Etruscans, rich in metals, which dominated the Campania, but not only. The finding these scholars also the certainty that those men and island formed through the greatest gift that came from the eastern Mediterranean to the West: the alphabet. Discoveries and research for scholars Giorgio Buchner are authentic re-volution in knowledge related to Ancient Greece, but also those relating to ancient Italy.
In 1994, upon the completion of his eighty years, archaeologists David Ridgway and Bruno d'Agostino presented with their broader appreciation for the scholar, a volume written in his honor. The town of Lacco Ameno awarded him honorary citizenship.

He came to Ischia in 1834, came and lodged in the village of Ischia. He visited the hospital in Casamicciola Monte della Misericordia with its new facilities for sudatori and sand.

He came to the island for ten days. In the letters dated from Mandra from Ischia, he said that he felt at home, the sky and the sea calm, pleasant scenery and happy people.